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Saturday 24 October 2015
One in four Nigerians has mental disorder – Experts
Mental health experts have raised an alarm over increased cases of mental disorders in the country and have called for adequate facilities and personnel to curb it.
Mental disorder, also called mental illness, psychological disorder or psychiatric disorder, is mental or behavioural pattern that causes either suffering or poor ability to function in ordinary life.
The causes of mental disorders are often unclear but common causes include depression,
dementia, schizophrenia, as well as stigma and discrimination.
The mental health experts, who expressed their views in separate interviews with the News
Agency of Nigeria, said about one in four Nigerians have one form of mental disorder or
the other.
Prof. Oye Guruje, a psychiatrist with University of Ibadan, said government should give priority attention to the management of mental disorders because its burden outweighed that of HIV.
Guruje said: “Mental illness is one of the major contributors to disease burden globally.
“It is the sixth largest burden worldwide and this is much more burdensome than HIV.
“In Nigeria, one out of seven persons will have serious mental illnesses, while one in four persons will have some form of mental disorder.
“And this is a conservative estimate.”
Guruje, who said mental illnesses could be treated with the right care, noted: “Every mental disorder has some form of treatment.
“Whether the person will fully recover depends on the type of illness.
“For example, dementia has no effective
treatment yet, while there are effective
treatments for depression, including non-
medication like psychological treatment.”
He added that while there were no specific
causes of some mental illnesses, some might be
hereditary, while some could be due to stress or
and lifestyle.
On his part, Dr. Oyewole Adeoye, the National
Coordinator of Mental Health Awareness
Foundation of Nigeria, said mental health
policies should recognise and address issues
that affect mental health.
Adeoye said: “There is increased incidences of
mental illnesses in Nigeria and the society is yet
to take full control of the fact.
“Mental disorder is associated with societal
vices, socio-economic pressures, emotional
problems and political injustice like terrorism.”
Adeoye said people with mental health
problems should not become outcasts in the
society, rather they should be treated like any
other form of disease and be treated with
respect and dignity.
In Bauchi, stakeholders involved in the
management of persons suffering from mental
disorder have called for adequate funding to
enable them to discharge their duties
satisfactorily.
Some of them told NAN that most rehabilitation
centres meant for drug abuse victims were
dilapidated, with little or no facilities.
They said such centres were supposed to be
places where victims of drug abuse were kept off
such drugs, counselled, cured, rehabilitated and
reintegrated into the society “without
stigmatisation”.
They, however, added that funds provided for
the feeding and medical care of inmates of such
centres were grossly inadequate, stressing that
youths formed a substantial percentage of
victims, cutting across both gender.
Uche Iyke, the Deputy Commander in charge of
Operations and Intelligence of the National Drug
Law Enforcement Agency, told NAN that in the
past, most addicts dealt in illicit drugs like Indian
hemp, but now shifted to legitimate drugs like
cough syrups and analgesics.
Iyke said the NDLEA had a rehabilitation centre
which hosted drug addicts on the request of
parents or relations of such addicts whose cases
had not attained the level of madness.
He added that the centre had introduced skills
acquisition programme for inmates in carpentry,
tailoring, plumbing, mechanics, electrical works
and computer repairs.
The deputy commander said the government
had provided trainers and placed them on
monthly salary of N10,000, but added that for
the past one year, the stipends had not been
paid, making the trainers to withdraw their
services.
He stated that the training facilities provided
many years ago were now dilapidated and
needed to be replaced but there was no fund to
do that.
Iyke said apart from the skills acquisition
training facilities, physical structures at the
rehabilitation centre were in dire need of
rehabilitation.
Aliyu Adole, the Commander of National Drug
Law Enforcement Agency in Gombe State, said
the Agency frequently received people with
mental disorder who needed rehabilitation,
adding, however, that the centre was ill-
equipped and render only skeletal services “but
we still receive the few we can accommodate”.
Adole said most of the people with the problem of mental disorder were products of drug addiction, noting that the major challenge facing the Agency was that parents and relations often brought those affected very late.
“In most cases, the addicts are brought to us
after the situation had gone out of control and
family members are threatened by the affected
persons,” he said.
Janys Maiyamba, the Director of Child
Development, Gombe Ministry of Women Affairs
and Social Welfare, said the ministry had been
taking care of people with mental disorder.
Maiyamba said: “We do not allow them to roam
the streets because they can be violent.
“We often liaise with security agents to get them
arrested.
“Thereafter, we treat them by giving First Aid and
psycho-social support and then try to trace their
relations.”
A female relative of a lunatic, who pleaded not
to be mentioned, said some of her brothers had
mental disorder.
She said: “We are victims of broken home.
“Our mother left our father when we were very
small and influence from peer groups made two
of my brothers to become drug addicts.
“As I am talking to you, the other one is on
admission at Maiduguri Neuro Psychiatric
Hospital.”
Ona Ogulegwu, the Commander of NDLEA in
Borno State, also noted that drug abuse was a
major cause of mental disorder in the state.
Ogulegwu said: “When you look around, you will
see many lunatics roaming about the street
without any care and that is because the state
does not have a rehabilitation centre to keep
such people.
“Here in Borno NDLEA, we only have a
counselling centre where drug peddlers are kept
for some time.
“Can you imagine in the whole of Borno, we only
have two psychiatric hospitals, where such
people are kept?
“As a matter of fact, it is only the Federal
Neuropsychiatric hospital that is functioning.
“We are therefore urging government to
establish more rehabilitation centres that can
accommodate such persons.”
Alhaji Yahya Imam, the Director of the National
Orientation Agency in Borno State, lamented that
the security challenges in the state were mainly
responsible for the increase in number of
people with mental disorder.
Imam said NOA had been sensitising the people,
especially youths, on the dangers of illicit drugs,
yet the number of persons involved kept
increasing due to reasons best known to the
victims.
The Executive Secretary, Jigawa State
Rehabilitation Board, Alhaji Ibrahim Rabakaya,
told NAN that apart from heredity, drug abuse
among youths was a major cause of mental
disorder in the state, adding that over 90 per
cent of the addicts were males. Rabakaya said the Agency had two rehabilitation centres in the state: one in Birniwa Local Government Area for females and another in Gumel Local Government Area for males.
According to him, the Agency also has a Psychiatric Hospital in Kazaure, adding that all
the rehabilitation centres and the psychiatric hospital are being operated by the state
government.
Rabakaya said people with mental disorder were first treated at the hospital, before being sent to one of the centres for rehabilitation.
He identified the lack of psychiatric doctors to
take care of the patients as a major challenge,
adding, however, that lunatics were not allowed to roam the streets in the state.
He said skill acquisition programmes had been
introduced to help them to learn trades
immediately they started recovering from their
predicament.
Elsewhere in Adamawa State, the office of the
NDLEA said drug abuse among youths was a
major cause of mental disorder in the state.
Yakubu Kibo, the Commander of the Agency in
the state, said about 90 per cent of mentally
deranged persons roaming the streets were
addicts of Indian hemp and psychotropic
substances.
Kibo said: “Our records show that most of the
mentally-ill persons in the state are young
people who happen to be involved in abuse of
illicit drugs.
“The agency has only one ill-equipped
rehabilitation centre in Yola, where inmates are
counselled and rehabilitated.”
Meanwhile, Danladi Yunusa, an officer with the
Adamawa State Department for Social Welfare,
told NAN that due to the lack of funding, homes
established across the state to take care of
mentally sick persons had to be shut down.
Yunusa confirmed that for the past eight years,
no budget was allocated to the department to
take care of mentally ill people in the state.
The officer said: “Apart from the lack of funding,
the department also lacked adequate staff to take care of such persons.
“The two places where those affected were being taken for therapy and rehabilitation were the psychiatric hospital and the NDLEA Rehabilitation Centre, Yola.”
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